Change-speed device



P 7, 1931. E. A. FORDYCE 1,800,062

CHANGE SPEED DEVICE Filed March 21, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY war VIII/I April 7, 1931 E. A. FORDYCE CHANGE SPEED DEVICE Filed March 21, 1930 Patented Apr. 7, 1931 UNITED s'rA-rss PATENT OFFICE CHANGE-SPEED DEVICE Application filed March 21, 1930. Serial No. 437,811.

This invention relates to a change speed device, the general object of the invention being to provide differential means, the ring gear of which is driven from the power means and one of the gears of which 1s connected with the driven member, with means for controllin the movement of the other gear so that t e driven member can be driven at different speeds from the power means by controlling the movement of the second gear.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for automatically controlling the movement of the second gear according to the load on the driven member and also to provide manual means for controlling the movement of said second gear.

This invention also consists in certain other features of construction and in the combination and' arrangement of the several parts, to be hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out in the. appended claims.

In describing the invention in detail, reference will be had to the accompanying drawings wherein like characters denote like or corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which a Figure 1 is a sectional view of the invention, with parts in elevatlon.

F1gure 2 is a section on line 22 of Fig ure 1.

Figure 3 is a sectional view on line 3-3 35 of-Figure 1.

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the pump.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Figure 3. Figure 6 is a sectional view on line 6-6 of Figure 1.

Figure 7 is a face view of the ring gear.

In these views, the numeral 1 indicates the differential housin which contains the ring gear 2 carrying t e pinions 3 and the gears 4 and 5 which mesh with the pinions,

the gear 1 being connected with the driven shaft 6v and the gear 5 being connected with a gear 7 which meshes with a pinion 8 on the shaft 9 of a pump A. A drive shaft 11 extends into the housing and carries a gear 12 which meshes with the ring gear 2. The pump A is a rotary one and the casing 10 has a drum 13 concentrically arranged there in, one end of the drum being closed and the shaft 9 passes through this closed end and is fastened thereto so that the drum rotates with the shaft. The periphery of the drum is formed with two opposing slots 14 through which pass the blades 15. Each blade is formed with a slotted stem 16, the shaft 9 passing through the slots of both stems and each blade carries a pin 17 which engages a cam groove 18 formed in the pump casing. As will be seen, the drum and the casing form a circular chamber 19 which contains oil or other fluid and a partition member 20 extends across a part of the chamber and causes the oil impelled by the blades to enter a passage 21 formed by an enlargement 22 formed on a part of the periphery of thecasing. A partition 23 extends across the assage 21 and this partition has a pair of aligned ports therein, the port 24 being larger than the port 25. Valves 26 and 27 control these ports and the valves are connected with a single stem 28 which projects from the pump casing and has a pair of collars 29 on its outer part. A spring 30, adjustable by the threaded lug 50 81, engages the large valve 26 and ten s to hold both valves on their seats. However, when the pump is in operation, the pressure of fluid acting on the large valve 26 will tend to open the valves as the pressure of fluid on the smaller valve 27 will be less than that on the larger valve.

A governor 32 has its shaft 33 geared to the drive shaft 11 by the gears 34 and its sliding collar 35 engages a bell crank 36 pivoted to the pump casing and having its other end engaging one of the collars 29 so that when the weighted parts of the governor swing outwardly under centrifu al force, the bell crank will act on the va ve stem and force the same outwardly and thus close the valves. The valves can also be closed by hand through the bell crank 37 engaging the other collar 29 and operated by a member 38 from a suitable point.

From the foregoing it will be seen that the drive shaft 11 wi l rotate thering gear 2 so that the pinions 3 will rotate both the gears 4 and 5 and the rotation of the ear 5 will be communicated to the blades 0 the pump through the, gears 7 and 8, shaft 9 and the drum 13. Thus the blades are moved in the pump casing and impel the fluid in the chamber 19 before them. As the fluid strikes the member 20, it will be directed through the passage 21 and as the blades approach the member 20, they are moved inwardly by the cam groove 18 so that they will pass the member. Each blade after it passes the member 'is then moved outwardly again. As the fluid enters the passage, it will exert pressure on the valves and thus open the same when the pressure is great enough to overcome the spring 30. Thus the pump offers very little resistance to the movement of the gear 5 so that the gear 4 and its shaft 6 are driven at slow speed and the engine can readily pick up the load on the shaft 6. As the speed increases, however, the governor comes into action and tends to close the valves so that a greater resistance is offered to the movement of the amp and gear 5 and thus the gear 4 and its shaft 6 are rotated at a greater speed and when the governor finally closes the valves entirely, the gear 5 is held stationary and thus the shaft 6 is rotated at practically the speed of shaft 1 11 If the load increases on shaft 6, the

speed of shaft 11 is decreased, due to the greater load, so that the governor weights move'inwardly thus releasing pressure on the valve stem so that the pressure of fluid will open the valves and thus permit the pump to operate, which in turn permits the This increases the ratio gear 5 to rotate. between the drive shaft and the driven shaft so that the motor can drive the driven shaft with less effort. Thus the movement of the control gear 5 is automatically controlled by the load on the driven shaft. As

the valves can be moved by hand, the movement of the control gear 5 can also be con trolled manually to regulate the speed of the driven shaft. i

This invention will allow the motor to start with only nominal resistance and as soon as it reaches the proper speed, the governor will be in to close the valves in passage 21, whic tends to increase the resistance of the control element of the differential progressively in proportion to the the differential valve works a ainst the pull of the governor device. T ese two elements, the differential valve and the governor, must be pro erly adjusted. The valve spring aids in this adjustment.

A reservoir 39 for holding fluid to su ply loss from the pump is connected to t e pump by a pipe 40 containing a check valve 41 It is thought from the foregoin description that the advantages and nove features of the invention will be readil apparent.

It is to be understood that c ranges may be made in the construction and in the combination and arrangement of the several parts, provided that such changes fall with a in the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is 1. A change speed device comprising diffcrential means including a rotary member, means for rotating the same, pinions rotatably carried by said member, a pair of gears meshing with the pinions, a driven member connected with one of the gears, pump means connected with the other gear and containing a fluid, normally closed valve means for controlling the flow of fluid from one'part of the pump to another part, such means being moved to open position by the pressure of the fluid within the pump means, automatic means for controlling the valve means and manually operated means for controlling the valve means.

2. A change speed device comprising differential means including a rotary member, means for rotating the same pinions rotatably carried by said member,. a pair of gears meshing with the pinions, a driven member connected with one of the gears, pump means connected with the other gear and containing a fluid, normally closed valve means for controlling the flow of fluid from one part of the pump to another part, such means being moved to open position by the pressure of the fluid within the pump means, governor means operated by the means for actuating the rotary member for controlling the valve means. I 3. A change speed device comprising differential means including a rotary member, means for rotating the same, pinions rotatably carried by said member, a pair of gears meshing with the pinions, a drivenmember connected with one of thegears, pump means connected with the other gear and containing a fluid, normally. closed valve means for controlling the flow of fluid from one part of the pump to another part, such means being moved to 0 en position by the pressure of the fluid within the pump means, governor means operated by the means for actuating the rotary member for controlling the valve means and manually operated means for controlling the valve means.

4. A change speed device comprising differential means including a rotary member, pinions rotatably carried thereby, a pair of gears meshing with the pinions, a drive shaft for actuating the rotary member, a driven shaft connected with one of the gears, a pump having its impeller connected with the other gear, said pump containing fluid, said pump having a by-pass connecting its outlet with its inlet, valve means controlling the flow of fluid through the by-pass, an adjustable spring for normally holding the "alve means closed, such means being opened by the pressure of fluid within the pump and governor means operated from the drive shaft for controlling the valve means.

5. A change speed device comprising differential means including a rotary member,

pinions rotatably carried thereby, a pair of gears meshing with the pinions, a drive shaft for actuating the rotary member, a driven shaft connected with one of the gears, a pump having its impeller connected with the other gear, said pump containing fluid, said pump having a by-pass connecting its outlet with its inlet, valve means controlling the flow of fluid through the by-pass, and adjustable spring for normally holding the valve means closed, such means being opened by the pressure of fluid within the pump, governor means operated from the drive shaft for controlling the valve means and manual means for controlling the valve means.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature. EDWARD A. FORDYCE. 

